Namalycastis jaya sp. n. (Polychaeta: Nereididae: Namanereidinae) is described from the southern coast of Kerala in southwest India. One important characteristic feature of the species is the lack of notochaetae in all parapodia, a characteristic that it shares with at least two other species,
Namalycastis elobeyensis Glasby, 1999 and
Namalycastis hawaiiensis Johnson, 1903. It differs from
N. elobeyensis by virtue of its smaller antennae, unequal eye size, bilobed acicular neuropodial ligule and multi-incised pygidium rim. Moreover, it differs from
N. hawaiiensis by fewer teeth on the serrated blades of the sub-neuroacicular falciger in chaetiger 10, and by possessing finely serrated falcigers in posterior segments. Beyond morphological analyses, molecular phylogenetics was used for the first time for
Namalycastis to support population monophyly and recognition of the new species. The analysis, using both mitochondrial and nuclear data, corroborated the morphological analysis in suggesting that our specimens represent an as yet undescribed species,
Namalycastis jaya sp. n., which forms a monophyletic group among the sampled nereidid taxa. Finally, a taxonomic key for
Namalycastis species recorded from the Indian region is provided.
