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WoRMS taxon details
Nomenclatureoriginal description
(of Edwardsia farinacea Verrill, 1869) Verrill, A. (1869). XVIII.—Descriptions of a remarkable new jellyfish and two actinians from the coast of Maine. <em>Annals and Magazine of Natural History.</em> 4(21): 160-163., available online at https://doi.org/10.1080/00222936908696025 page(s): 162-163 [details]
original description
(of Edwardsia duodecimcirrata Sars, 1851) Sars M. (1851). Beretning om i Sommeren 1849 Fortagen Zoologisk Reise i Lofoten og Finmarken. <em>Nyt Magazin Naturvidenskaberne.</em> 6(2):121–211., available online at https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/8152707 page(s): 142 [details] 
original description
(of Edwardsia lütkenii Andres, 1883) Andres, A. (1883). Le Attinie. Atti dell' Accademia de Lincei, 14, 3, Memorie, 211-673 page(s): 308 [details]
original description
(of Halcampa duodecimcirrata var. nitida Verrill, 1922) Verrill, A. E. (1922). The Actiniaria of the Canadian Arctic Expeditions, with notes on interesting species from Hudson Bay and other Canadian localities. Report on the Canadian Arctic Expedition 1913-1918, 8, G, 89-164 page(s): 121-122 [details]
basis of record
van der Land, J.; den Hartog, J.H. (2001). Actiniaria, <B><I>in</I></B>: Costello, M.J. <i>et al.</i> (Ed.) (2001). <i>European register of marine species: a check-list of the marine species in Europe and a bibliography of guides to their identification. Collection Patrimoines Naturels,</i> 50: pp. 106-109 (look up in IMIS) [details]
Othercontext source (Deepsea)
Intergovernmental Oceanographic Commission (IOC) of UNESCO. The Ocean Biogeographic Information System (OBIS), available online at http://www.iobis.org/ [details]
context source (Hexacorallia)
Fautin, Daphne G. (2013). Hexacorallians of the World. (look up in IMIS) [details]
additional source
Gosner, K. L. (1971). Guide to identification of marine and estuarine invertebrates: Cape Hatteras to the Bay of Fundy. <em>John Wiley & Sons, Inc., London.</em> 693 pp. [pdf copepod and branchiuran :445-455]. (look up in IMIS) [details] Available for editors [request]
additional source
Linkletter, L. E. (1977). A checklist of marine fauna and flora of the Bay of Fundy. <em>Huntsman Marine Laboratory, St. Andrews, N.B.</em> 68: p. [details]
additional source
Sebens, K.P. 1998. Marine flora and fauna of the eastern United States. Anthozoa, Actinaria, Corallimorparia, Ceriantharia, and Zoanthidea. NOAA Technical Report NMFS 141. 68 p. (look up in IMIS) [details]
additional source
Spaulding, J.G., 1972. The life cycle of Peachia quinquecapitata, an anemone parasitic on medusae during its larval development. Biol. Bull. 143 2: 440-453. page(s): 449 [details]
additional source
Carlgren, O. (1921). Actiniaria I. <em>Danish Ingolf-Expedition.</em> 5(9):1-241, figs. 1-210, pls. 1-4., available online at https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/19695128 page(s): 119-120 [details]
additional source
Trott, T. J. (2004). Cobscook Bay inventory: a historical checklist of marine invertebrates spanning 162 years. <em>Northeastern Naturalist.</em> 11, 261-324., available online at http://www.gulfofmaine.org/kb/files/9793/TROTT-Cobscook%20List.pdf [details] Available for editors [request]
additional source
McGinitie, G E. (1955). Distribution and ecology of the marine invertebrates of Point Barrow, Alaska. Smithson.Misc.Coll., 128 (9), 1-201 page(s): 122 [details]
additional source
Carlgren, O. (1893). Studien über Nordische Actinien. <em>K. Svenska Vet.-Akad. Handl., Bd. XXV, No. 10. Stockholm.</em> page(s): 38-45, 148, Pl. V figs. 1-5 [details]
additional source
Carlgren, O. (1949). A survey of the Ptychodactiaria, Corallimorpharia and Actiniaria. <em>Kungliga Svenska Vet- enskapsakadamiens Handlingar.</em> 1: 1–121. page(s): 34 [details]
additional source
Panikkar, N. K. (1937). A study of the actinian Phytocoetes gangeticus Annandale, with an account of the post-larval development and the occurrence of neoteny in the anemone. Zoologische Jahrbücher Abteilung für Anatomie und Ontogenie der Tiere, 62(3): 395-422 page(s): 416, 418 [details]
additional source
Stephenson, T. A. (1922). On the classification of Actiniaria. Part III. -- Definitions connected with the forms dealt with in Part II. Quarterly Journal of Microscopical Science, 66, 2, (262): 247-319 page(s): 252 [details]
additional source
Sebens, K. P. (1998). Anthozoa: Actiniaria, Zoanthidea, Corallimorpharia, and Ceriantharia. National Marine Fisheries Service. Seattle., volume 141, pp. 1-67 page(s): 10, 14, 25, 50 [details]
additional source
Verrill, A. E. (1922). The Actiniaria of the Canadian Arctic Expeditions, with notes on interesting species from Hudson Bay and other Canadian localities. Report on the Canadian Arctic Expedition 1913-1918, 8, G, 89-164 page(s): 120-122 [details]
additional source
Williams, R. B. (1981). A sea anemone, Edwardsia meridionalis sp. nov., from Antarctica and a preliminary revision of the genus Edwardsia De Quatrefages, 1841 (Coelenterata: Actiniaria). Records of the Australian Museum (Sydney), 33(6): 325-360 page(s): 349, 350 [details]
additional source
Widersten, B. (1976). Ceriantharia, Zoanthidea, Corallimorpharia, and Actiniaria from the continental shelf and slope off the eastern coast of the United States. Fishery Bulletin, 74(4): 857-878 page(s): 862 [details]
additional source
Carlgren, O. (1940). A contribution to the knowledge of the structure and distribution of the cnidae in the Anthozoa. Kungliga Fysiografiska Sällskapets Handlingar, 51, N.F., (3): 1-62 page(s): 7, 26, 27 [details]
additional source
Carlgren, O. (1936). Some west American sea anemones. Journal of the Washington Academy of Sciences, 26(1): 16-23 page(s): 19-20 [details]
additional source
Haddon, A. C. (1898). The Actiniaria of Torres Straits. Scientific Transactions of the Royal Dublin Society, 6, 2, 393-520 page(s): 414 [details]
additional source
McMurrich, J. P. (1904). The Actiniae of the Plate collection. Zoologische Jahrbücher, 6 Suppl.(2): 215-306 page(s): 222 [details]
additional source
Pax, F. (1928). Anthozoa. Gustav Fischer. Jena., volume 4, pp. 190-237 page(s): 212, 217, 218 [details]
additional source
Pei, Z. (1998). Coelenterata Actiniaria Ceriantharia Zoanthidea. Science Press. Beijing., pp. 286. page(s): 74, 228 [details]
additional source
Hand, C. H.; Uhlinger, K. R. (1992). The culture, sexual and asexual reproduction, and growth of the sea anemone Nematostella vectensis. Biological Bulletin, 182, 169-176 page(s): 174 [details]
additional source
Carlgren, O. (1945). Polypdyr (Coelenterata) III. Koraldyr. Danmarks Fauna Udgivet af Dansk Naturhistorisk Forening, 51, 3-167 page(s): 112-113, 156 [details]
additional source
Williams, R. B. (2003). Locomotory behaviour and functional morphology of Nematostella vectensis (Anthozoa: Actiniaria: Edwardsiidae): a contribution to a comparative study of burrowing behaviour in athenarian sea anemones. Zoologische Verhandelingen, 345, 437-484 page(s): 477, 480, Table 14 [details]
additional source
Riemann-Zürneck, K. (1969). Sagartia troglodytes (Anthozoa). Biologie und Morphologie einer schlickbewohnenden Aktinie. Veröffentlichungen des Institutes für Meeresforschung Bremerhaven, 12, 169-230 page(s): 199 [details]
additional source
Daly, M.; Lipscomb, D. L.; Allard, M. W. (2002). A simple test: evaluating explanations for the relative simplicity of the Edwardsiidae (Cnidaria: Anthozoa). Evolution, 56(3): 502-510 page(s): 503, 505, 506, 507, 508, fig. 1, fig. 2, fig. 3 [details]
additional source
Daly, M. (2002). A systematic revision of Edwardsiidae (Cnidaria, Anthozoa). Invertebrate Biology, 121(3): 212-225 page(s): 214-216, 221-223 [details]
additional source
Robson, E. A. (2004). Cnidogenesis in the jewel anemone Corynactis californica (Carlgren, 1936) and C. viridis (Allman, 1846) (Anthozoa: Corallimorpharia). Zoologische Mededelingen, Leiden, 78(27): 461-476 page(s): 462 [details]
additional source
Uchida, T.; Iwata, F. (1954). On the development of a brood-caring actinian. Journal of the Faculty of Science, Hokkaido Imperial University, 12, VI, Zoology, (1-2): 220 page(s): 220, 222 [details]
additional source
Scott, A.; Harrison, P. L. (2007). Broadcast spawning of two species of sea anemone, Entacmaea quadricolor and Heteractis crispa, that host anemonefish. Invertebrate Reproduction and Development, 50(3): 163-171 page(s): 164 [details]
additional source
Scott, A.; Harrison, P. L. (2007). Embryonic and larval development of the host sea anemones Entacmaea quadricolor and Heteractis crispa. Biological Bulletin, 213, 110-121 page(s): 110 [details]
additional source
Daly, M.; Chaudhuri, A.; Gusmão, L.; Rodríguez, E. (2008). Phylogenetic relationships among sea anemones (Cnidaria: Anthozoa: Actiniaria). Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution, 48, 292-301 page(s): 295 [details]
additional source
Daly, M.; Gusmão, L.; Reft, A. J.; Rodríguez, E. (2010). Phylogenetic signal in mitochondrial and nuclear markers in sea anemones (Cnidaria, Actiniaria). Integrative and Comparative Biology, 50(3): 371-388 page(s): 373 [details]
additional source
Cutress, C. E. (1949). The Oregon Shore Anemones (Anthozoa). Oregon State College (Thesis). Corvallis., pp. 57. page(s): 12-15, 52, 58, 59, 63 [details]
additional source
Integrated Taxonomic Information System (ITIS). , available online at http://www.itis.gov [details]
additional source
Fautin, Daphne G. (2013). Hexacorallians of the World. (look up in IMIS) [details]
Nontype AMNH NONE, geounit United States Exclusive Economic Zone [details]
Unknown type NEFSC, geounit United States Exclusive Economic Zone [details]
Unreviewed
Diet Generally, anthozoans are primarly carnivorous which prey on sea urchins, gastropods, bivalves, or crustaceans that crawl or swim into their grasp. [details]
Distribution Bay of Fundy to Cape Cod [details]
Habitat shelf [details]
Habitat sandy, muddy, or rocky habitats; also may attached themselves to hard parts or products of other organisms (shells) [details]
Reproduction reproduce asexually through longitudinal fission and sexually (protandric hermaphrodites) [details]
Language | Name | |
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English |
twelve-tentacled burrowing anemonetwelve-tentacle burrowing anemone12-tentacle burrowing anemone |
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