MarBEF Data System - ERMS - Akera bullata O. F. Müller, 1776

ERMS taxon details

Akera bullata O. F. Müller, 1776

AphiaID

138734 (urn:lsid:marinespecies.org:taxname:138734)

Classification

Status

accepted

Rank

Species

Type taxon of

Acera Jeffreys, 1867
Aceras Locard, 1886
Akera O. F. Müller, 1776

Parent

Akera O. F. Müller, 1776

Original name

Akera bullata O. F. Müller, 1776

Synonymised names

Acera bullata (O. F. Müller, 1776) · unaccepted

Acera bullata var. nana Jeffreys, 1867 · unaccepted (synonym)

Acera elegans Locard, 1886 · unaccepted (synonym)

Aceras elegans Locard, 1886 · unaccepted (nomen nudum)

Akera flexilis T. Brown, 1827 · unaccepted > junior subjective synonym

Bulla akera Gmelin, 1791 · unaccepted (objective synonym)

Bulla elastica Danilo & Sandri, 1856 · unaccepted (synonym)

Bulla farrani A. M. Norman, 1890 · unaccepted (synonym)

Bulla fragilis Lamarck, 1822 · unaccepted

Bulla hanleyi A. Adams, 1850 · unaccepted (synonym)

Bulla norwegica Bruguière, 1792 · unaccepted (synonym)

Bulla resiliens Donovan, 1801 · unaccepted (synonym)

Eucampe donovani Leach, 1847 · unaccepted (substitute name for Bulla akera)

Environment

marine

Original description

Müller, O.F. (1776). Zoologiae Danicae Prodromus, seu Animalium Daniae et Norvegiae Indigenarum characters, nomina, et synonyma imprimis popularium. [Prodromus of Danish Zoology, or the characters, names, and synonyms of the indigenous animals of Denmark and Norway, especially of the popular ones.]. Typis Hallageriis, Havniae. 32: 1-282., available online at http://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/47550
page(s): 242 [details]

(of Acera bullata (O. F. Müller, 1776)) Müller, O.F. (1776). Zoologiae Danicae Prodromus, seu Animalium Daniae et Norvegiae Indigenarum characters, nomina, et synonyma imprimis popularium. [Prodromus of Danish Zoology, or the characters, names, and synonyms of the indigenous animals of Denmark and Norway, especially of the popular ones.]. Typis Hallageriis, Havniae. 32: 1-282., available online at http://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/47550
page(s): 242 [details]

Descriptive notes

Nomenclature ICZN opinion 539: placed on official list, specific name of the type species of Akera Müller, 1776

Nomenclature ICZN opinion 539: placed on official list, specific name of the type species of Akera Müller, 1776 [details]

Taxonomic citation

MolluscaBase eds. (2025). MolluscaBase. Akera bullata O. F. Müller, 1776. Accessed through: Costello, M.J.; Bouchet, P.; Boxshall, G.; Arvanitidis, C.; Appeltans, W. (2025) European Register of Marine Species at: http://www.marbef.org//www.marbef.org/data/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=138734 on 2026-03-09

Regional species database citation

Costello, M.J.; Bouchet, P.; Boxshall, G.; Arvanitidis, C.; Appeltans, W. (2026). European Register of Marine Species. Akera bullata O. F. Müller, 1776. Accessed at: http://www.marbef.org/data/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=138734 on 2026-03-09

Taxonomic edit history

Date

action

2004-12-21 15:54:05Z

created

Gofas, Serge

2012-06-05 23:54:58Z

changed

Rosenberg, Gary

Licensing

The webpage text is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License

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original description Müller, O.F. (1776). Zoologiae Danicae Prodromus, seu Animalium Daniae et Norvegiae Indigenarum characters, nomina, et synonyma imprimis popularium. [Prodromus of Danish Zoology, or the characters, names, and synonyms of the indigenous animals of Denmark and Norway, especially of the popular ones.]. Typis Hallageriis, Havniae. 32: 1-282., available online at http://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/47550
page(s): 242 [details]

original description (of Bulla elastica Danilo & Sandri, 1856) Danilo, F. & Sandri, G. B. (1856). Elenco nominale dei gasteropodi testacei marini raccolti nei dintorni di Zara. pp. 107-150, In: Programma dell'I.R. ginnasio completo di prima classe: in Zara alla fine dell'anno scolastico 1855-1856. Zara, Tipografia Governiale. , available online at https://books.google.es/books?id=_sJfAAAAcAAJ&pg=PA107 [details]

original description (of Bulla norwegica Bruguière, 1792) Bruguière, J.G. (1789-1792). Encyclopédie méthodique ou par ordre de matières, par une Societe de gens de Lettres, de Savans et D'Artistes. [Methodical encyclopedia or by order of subjects, by a Society of Men of Letters, Scholars and Artists.]. Histoire naturelle des Vers, Paris: Pancoucke. volume 1: i-xviii, 1-344 [Livraison 32, June 1789]; 345-757 [Livraison 48, 13 Feb. 1792] [Dates after Evenhuis, 2003, Zootaxa, 166: 37; Zootaxa, 207, some modified by Evenhuis & Petit 2003 Zootaxa 207:1-4]., available online at https://biodiversitylibrary.org/page/8892006 [details]

original description (of Bulla resiliens Donovan, 1801) Donovan E. (1799-1804). The natural history of British shells: including figures and descriptions of all the species hitherto discovered in Great Britain, systematically arranged in the Linnean manner, with scientific and general observations on each. 5 volumes, London, printed fro the Author, and for F. and C. Rivington, 180 plates with unpaginated text. Vol. 1: introduction 3 pp; pl. 1-18 [1799]; pl. 19-36; index 10 pp. [1800] . Vol. 2: pl. 37-54 [1800]; pl. 55-72, index 10 pp. [1801]. Vol. 3: pl. 73-90 [1801]; pl. 91-108, index 8 pp. [1802]; Vol. 4: pl. 109-126 [1802]; pl. 127-144, index 8 pp [1803]. Vol. 5: pl. 145-162 [1803]; pl.163-180, index 7 pp. [1804]. , available online at https://doi.org/10.5962/bhl.title.64386 [details]

original description (of Acera bullata var. nana Jeffreys, 1867) Jeffreys, J. G. (1862-1869). British conchology. Vol. 1: pp. cxiv + 341 [1862]. Vol. 2: pp. 479 [1864]. Vol. 3: pp. 394 [1865]. Vol. 4: pp. 487 [1867]. Vol. 5: pp. 259 [1869]. London, van Voorst. , available online at http://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/55187
page(s): vol. 4 p. 431 [details]

original description (of Bulla fragilis Lamarck, 1822) Lamarck, [J.-B. M.] de. (1822). Histoire naturelle des animaux sans vertèbres. Tome sixième, 2me partie, 232 pp. Paris, published by the author. , available online at http://biodiversitylibrary.org/page/13181853
page(s): 36 [details]

original description (of Eucampe donovani Leach, 1847) Leach, W. E. (1852). Molluscorum Britanniae Synopsis. A synopsis of the Mollusca of Great Britain, arranged according to their natural affinities and anatomical structure. Van Voorst, London, viii + 376 pp., pls 1-5*,5**-13 (edited posthumously by J. E. Gray). , available online at https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/13107076 [details]

original description (of Bulla akera Gmelin, 1791) Gmelin, J. F. (1791). Caroli a Linné Systema Naturae, ed. 13. Tome 1(6). Vermes. G. E. Beer, Lipsiae [Leipzig]. pp. 3021-3910. , available online at http://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/83098#5
page(s): 3434 [details]

original description (of Aceras elegans Locard, 1886) Locard, A. 1886. Prodrome de malacologie Française Mollusques marins. Annales de la Société d'Agriculture et d'Histoire Naturelle de Lyon, série 5, 8:1-216. [Continued in Vol. 9:1-320, 1886.]
page(s): 78; note: nomen nudum [described as Acera elegans p. 535] [details]

original description (of Acera bullata (O. F. Müller, 1776)) Müller, O.F. (1776). Zoologiae Danicae Prodromus, seu Animalium Daniae et Norvegiae Indigenarum characters, nomina, et synonyma imprimis popularium. [Prodromus of Danish Zoology, or the characters, names, and synonyms of the indigenous animals of Denmark and Norway, especially of the popular ones.]. Typis Hallageriis, Havniae. 32: 1-282., available online at http://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/47550
page(s): 242 [details]

original description (of Acera elegans Locard, 1886) Locard, A. (1886). Prodrome de malacologie française. Catalogue général des mollusques vivants de France. Mollusques marins. Lyon: H. Georg & Paris: Baillière. x + 778 pp. , available online at https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/10831012
page(s): 535 [details]

original description (of Akera flexilis T. Brown, 1827) Brown, T. (1827). Illustrations of the conchology of Great Britain and Ireland. Drawn from nature. W.H. Lizars and D. Lizars, Edinburgh and S. Highley, London. 144 pp., 52 pls., available online at http://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/127868
page(s): iii, pl. 38, figs 31, 32; note: in synonymy with Bulla akera “Lamarck” [Gmelin, 1791] [details]

basis of record Gofas, S.; Le Renard, J.; Bouchet, P. (2001). Mollusca. in: Costello, M.J. et al. (eds), European Register of Marine Species: a check-list of the marine species in Europe and a bibliography of guides to their identification. Patrimoines Naturels. 50: 180-213., available online at http://www.vliz.be/imisdocs/publications/ocrd/254404.pdf [details]

additional source Kovács, Z.; Dominici, S.; Pacaud, J.-M.; Gurdon, I.; Vicián, Z. (2026). Eocene Gastropoda from the Transdanubian Paleogene Basin (Hungary) – New taxa, new occurrences, and taxonomical revisions. Bollettino Malacologico. 62(1): 16-77., available online at https://doi.org/10.53559/bollmalacol.2025.09 [details]

additional source Valdés Á. & Lozouet P. (2000). Opisthobranch molluscs from the Tertiary of the Aquitaine Basin (south-western France), with descriptions of seven new species and a new genus. Palaeontology. 43(3): 457-479., available online at http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/j.0031-0239.2000.00135.x/pdf [details]

additional source Morton J.E. & Holme N.A. (1955). The occurrence at Plymouth of the Opisthobranch Akera bullata with notes on its habits and relationship. Journal of the Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom. 30: 101-110., available online at http://plymsea.ac.uk/1645/1/The_occurrence_at_Plymouth_of_the_opisthobranch_Akera_bullata%2C_with_notes_on_its_habits_and_relationships.pdf [details]

status source ICZN. (1959). Opinion 539. Protection under the Plenary Powers of the specific name bullata Müller (O.F.), 1776, as published in the combination Akera bullata (Class Gastropoda). Opinions and declarations rendered by the International Commission on Zoological Nomenclature. 20 (6): 65-76., available online at http://biodiversitylibrary.org/page/34655324 [details]

ecology source Thompson, T. E. & Seaward, D. R. (1989). Ecology and taxonomic status of the aplysiomorph Akera bullata in the British Isles. Journal of Molluscan Studies. 55(4): 489-496., available online at https://doi.org/10.1093/mollus/55.4.489 [details]